沂蒙山区茶园主要虫害及其消长规律调查研究

Survey Research of Main Insect Pests and Their Rules of Growth and Decline in Tea Gardens of Yimeng Mountain Area

调查了沂蒙山区有代表性的4类茶园中数量最多的10种害虫及虫害水平,并摸清了其中3种主要虫害的消长规律。结果表明,沂蒙山区茶园害虫以假眼小绿叶蝉、黑刺粉虱、茶蚜为主,绿盲蝽、茶叶瘿螨次之。假眼小绿叶蝉全年出现两次发生高峰期,第一次在5-6月,危害较轻,第二次在8-10月,危害严重;黑刺粉虱发生高峰期在6-9月;茶蚜有两个发生高峰期,分别为5-6月、8-10月,春蚜发生较重,秋蚜较轻。从茶园类型看,长期进行单一化学防治的茶园控害效果最差,其次为综合防治茶园,而进行生态防治的茶园可以将虫害基数控制在较低水平。

The larger number of 10 species pests and pest levels were studied in the 4 kinds of representative tea gardens in Yimeng Mountain area. The rules of growth and decline of 3 main pests were felt out to provide references for farmers to timely control the tea pests. The results showed that Empoasca vitis,Aleurocanthus spiniferus,Toxoptera aurantii were the main pests,and Apolygus lucorum,Calacarus carinatus were the second. Empoasca vitis had two peaks throughout the year. The first appeared from May to June with lighter harm. The second appeared from August to October with heavier harm. June to September was the peak of Aleurocanthus spiniferus. Toxoptera aurantii had two peaks. They were from May to June and from August to October. It occurred more seriously in spring than that in fall. From the tea garden types,the effect on controlling pests of the tea garden with a single chemical control measure for a long term was the worst,that of the tea garden with comprehensive prevention and control measures was the second,and the tea garden with ecological prevention and control measures could control the pest base to a lower level.