流程模拟技术在催化裂化装置上的应用

The Application of Process Simulation Technology in FCC Units

催化裂化装置是石油加工过程中重要的二次加工装置,主要是使重质油品在高温和催化剂的作用下发生裂化反应,转变为干气、液化气、汽油和柴油等产品的过程。一般由反应-再生系统分馏系统、吸收-稳定系统三个部分组成。使用AspenPlus流程模拟软件建立催化裂化装置流程模拟模型,通过模型对装置的分馏部分和吸收稳定部分进行分析、诊断,研究分馏塔顶循油量对产品的影响,一中回流量对产品质量的影响,富吸收油对柴品质量、产量的影响,补充吸收剂对干气中C_3^+含量的影响,解吸塔底温度与解析气量和产品质量的关系,吸收稳定系统稳定塔回流比与产品质量的关系,并提出相应的优化调控措施,降低装置能耗,增加操作弹性。目前,流程模拟技术已在中国石化所属25套催化裂化装置上推广应用,合计实现装置挖潜增效6700余万元,实现装置节能降耗的同时也取得了可观的经济效益,提高了中国石化催化裂化装置的精细化操作水平和管理水平。

The catalytic cracking unit is an important secondary processing unit of the petroleum refining process,in which heavy oils are cracked into dry gas,liquefied petroleum gas,gasoline,diesel fuel and other products under high temperatures and in the presence of catalysts.The unit typically consists of the reaction- regeneration system,the fractionating system and the absorption-stabilization system.Using the AspenPlus pro- cess simulation software,technicians developed an FCCU process simulation model to analyze and diagnose the fraetionating and absorption sections of an FCCU and studied the influence of the circulating oil at the top of the factionating column on products ,the influence of reflux of cut 1 distillate oil on the quality of prod- ucts ,the influence of rich absorption oil on the quality and output of diesel fuel,the influence of supple- mented absorbent on the content of C3＋ in dry gas ,the relation between the temperature at the bottom of the desorber and the output of the desorber and the quality of products ,and the relation between the reflux ratio of the stabilizer and product quality of the absorption-stabilization system.They also proposed the correspond- ing optimization and regulation measures to reduce the unit＇s energy consumption and increase the operational flexibility of the unit.The process simulation technology has been applied in 25 catalytic cracking units of Sinopec and the application has brought the company a total of more than 67 million yuan in economic benefits and improved the fine operation level and managerial level of the company＇s catalytic cracking units.