炼油装置过热蒸汽管道疏水阀选型探讨

Selection of Steam Trap Valve Types for Superheated Steam Pipelines of Oil Refining Equipment

过热蒸汽作为炼化企业重要的公用工程物料,广泛地应用于炼油装置蒸汽管网系统。传统设计认为,过热蒸汽除在开停工过程中产生冷凝水外,在理论上过热蒸汽不产生凝结水,所以,对其疏水阀的选型问题经常被忽略。过热蒸汽疏水阀的选择简单粗糙或选型不合理,造成过热蒸汽大量浪费及冷凝水滞留在蒸汽管道中。正确选择过热蒸汽疏水阀,可及时排除过热蒸汽产生的凝结水,减少蒸汽损失,节约能源,并保证过热蒸汽质量,同时还可避免过热蒸汽与凝结水混合产生闪蒸蒸汽而造成输送蒸汽压力不稳,维护生产正常运行。通过比较常见疏水阀的类型及特点,并结合过热蒸汽特性,对开车时冷凝水量、安全系数、背压率等进行计算,对不同类型疏水阀动作原理及结构进行分析比较,适合过热蒸汽管线的疏水阀类型为热静力型双金属片式。

As an important public utility material from refining enterprises, superheated steam is widely used in the steam pipeline system of refining units.In traditional design,except that it produces condensate water during startups and shutdowns,theoretically,superheated steam does not produce condensed water.For this rea- son,the selection of steam trap valve types is often neglected.Careless or improper selection of superheated steam trap valves may result in serious wasting of superheated steam and retention of condensate water in steam lines.Proper selection of superheated steam trap valves can help timely eleminate the condensate water produced by superheated steam ,thus reducing the loss of steam, saving energy and ensuring the quality of su- perheated steam.In addition,it can prevent superheated steam from mixing with condensate water to produce flash-off steam,in turn causing unstability of pressure of conveyed steam.By comparing common types of steam trap valves and their characteristics and based on the characteristics of superheated steam,researchers calculated key parameters such as the volume of condensate water during startups of units ,safety factor and the rate of back pressure.After comparing the action principles and structures of different types of steam trap valves,they concluded that the hot static double metal plate-type steam trap valve is the appropriate type for superheated steam lines.