流动育龄妇女的基本特征、心理压力及妊娠结局调查

A survey of the basic characteristics,psychological stress and pregnancy outcomes of the floating women of childbearing age

目的：对参加孕前健康检查的流动育龄妇女的人口学基本特征、心理压力以及妊娠结局状况进行分析,为有针对性地开展流动育龄妇女的孕前保健工作提供重要依据。方法：研究对象选取2010～2013年参加国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目且身体健康的育龄妇女,其中非流动育龄妇女777 656人,流动育龄妇女73 541人。采用频数、百分比、t检验和χ2检验对数据进行分析。结果：参加孕前优生健康检查的流动育龄妇女年龄集中在21~30岁,多为初中学历的农民。流动育龄妇女的工作压力、经济压力、关系压力以及早产、自然流产率均高于非流动育龄妇女,而在人工流产、出生缺陷、死胎死产、异位妊娠的发生率等方面两者没有差异。结论：流动育龄妇女的心理压力较高。

Objective： To investigate the basic characteristics, psychological stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes of the floating women of childbearing age who participated in the preconception health examination. And to understand the status of the population movements of the women of childbearing age, to provide important evidence in conducting the preconception health care for the floating women of childbearing age in the future. Methods： the data were collected in the healthy women of childbearing age who participated in National Free Preconception Health Survey from 2010 to 2013, and the subjects included 777656 non floating women and 73541 floating women. The frequency, percentage, t-test and X2 test were used to analyze the data. Results ： Most floating women of childbearing age who participated in the preconception health survey were 21to30 years old, and the majority of them were farmers with educational levels of junior middle school. In addition, the working stress, economic stress, relationship pressure, the incidence rate of pre term birth and spontaneous abortion in the floating women were significantly higher than those of the non floating women. However, there were no significant differences between floating women and non floating women in terms of the incidence rate of artificial abortion, stillbirth, birth defects and ectopic pregnancy. Conclusion： the psychological stress of the floating women was high. And the preconception health care could help to reduce the incidence rate of ad verse pregnancy outcomes of floating women.