跨文化交际能力的理论基础:Gudykunsts焦虑/不确定性管理(AUM)理论

The Theoretical foundation of Intercultural Communication Competence: Gudykunsts Anxiety/Uncertainty Management Theory

跨文化传播领域在地实践反馈的评价核心是跨文化交际能力的测量,焦虑/不确定性管理(AUM)理论则是检验跨文化语境中有效沟通程度的重要基础理论。该理论的创立者威廉·古迪孔斯特(William B.Gudykunst)建构了七个测量跨文化交流效度的指标体系,分别为:自我认同(Self-Concepts)、与陌生人交往的动机(Motivation to Interact)、对陌生人的反应(Reactions to Strangers)、对陌生人的社会分类(Social Categorization of Strangers)、情境过程(Situational Processes)、与陌生人的联系(Connections to Strangers)和伦理上的互动(Ethical Interactions),充分回应了跨文化交流的核心主旨。今后应进一步对该理论进行学理上的深化,完善双向的有效沟通测量机制,克服对心理意识的过度依赖,改良公理设置的西方偏见性。

Measurement for intercultural communicative competence is the core of the evaluation in the field of intercultural communication. Anxiety / Uncertainty Management(AUM) theory is an important theoretical basis for effective communication for examining the intercultural context. William B. Gudykunst constructs an index system which includes seven measuring intercultural validity of indicators, such as self-concept, motivation interactive, reaction to strangers, classification society of strangers, process context, connected to strangers, moral interaction. The major hypothesis of AUM theory is adequately responded to the core theme of intercultural communication. In the future, AUM theory should further deepen the doctrinal theory, improved two-way communication and effective measurement mechanisms to overcome the over-reliance on mental consciousness and the Western bias in the setting of axioms.