互联网与共同体的进化

The Internet and The Community Evolution

现代性转型导致了共同体的衰落。本文清理了现代性语境下从家元共同体到族群共同体再到合作共同体的"衰落"与演进过程,并分析了其历史根源。社群主义提出了重振共同体的理想,但仍然面临着诸如重构价值理性、生活世界、公共领域以及平衡自由与安全感、确定性之间关系等观念障碍和实践困境。互联网在加剧现代共同体危机的同时,也潜隐着重建、创建共同体的积极可能性,即基于对话和承认原则构建合作共同体。如是,共同体的演进大抵呈现出这样一个脉络:从家元共同体提供认同和"自然秩序",到族群共同体许诺共识和"创制秩序",再到联网以其技术逻辑、核心价值和多元语境重构功能确立承认原则和构建多样共生的生态秩序。

The transformation of modernity has led to the decay of community. In the context of modernity, this paper outlines the 'decline' and evolution of communities, from home community to ethnic community, then to cooperative community, and analyzes its historical origin. Communitarianism has proposed the ideal of revitalizing community, but still facing obstacles and practical dilemmas, such as the reconstruction of the value of rationality, life world, and public sphere, or the handle of relationship among freedom, sense of security, and certainty. The Internet has intensified the crisis of the modern community, but meanwhile contains the potential of positive possibilities of construction and reconstruction of communities. That is to say, under the context of the Internet, we could create cooperative community based on principles of dialogue. In a word, the evolution of the community can be summarized as following steps. First, home community provides recognition and indicates a kind of natural order. Then, ethnic community promises consensus, which marks man-made order. Finally, benefiting from its technological logic, core value, and the function of multi-context reconstruction, the Internet establishes the principle of recognition, and constructs the ecological order of the variety.