塔里木盆地绿洲参考作物蒸散量计算方法比较

Comparison of methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration in oasis of Tarim Basin

应用FAO-56 Penman-Monteith、1972 Kimberly Penman、FAO PPP-17 Penman、FAO-24 Radiation、1985 Hargreaves、1948 Penman、Priestley-Taylor和1957 Makkink 8种公式计算了塔里木盆地绿洲棉区的参考作物蒸散量,并对8种方法的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明:1972 Kimberly Penman的计算结果与标准方法 FAO-56 Penman-Monteith的计算结果最接近,FAO-24 Radiation的计算结果与标准方法 FAO-56 Penman-Monteith的计算结果差异最大。在估算塔里木盆地绿洲棉区的参考作物蒸散量时,可选用1972 Kimberly Penman公式。

Evapotranspiration is a complex process and appears in both water balance equation and land surface energy balance equation. It is practically and scientifically significant for water resources management and eco-logical restoration to evaluate the applicability of ETo models. Eight alternative ETo methods, including the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith, 1972 Kimberly Penman, FAO PPP-17 Penman, FAO-24 Radiation, 1985 Hargreaves, 1948 Penman, Priestley-Taylor and 1957 Makkink were evaluated for use in oasis of Traim Basin at Aksu Water Balance Experimental Station during the period of 2008 to 2012. The results showed that： ETo estimates pro- duced by 1972 Kimberly Penman were very near, in general, to those by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith, but ETo estimates produced by FAO-24 Radiation were very far from those by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith. Monthy ETo derived from all the equations appeared to follow the same trend that the ETo value would go up from April to June, reach the maximum in July and go down from August to September. Compared to FAO-56 Penman-Monteith, the results from 1972 Kimberly Penman and 1957 Makkink were lower, while others were higher. The value olD, EF and RMSE ranged from 0.91 to 0.99,0.83 to 0.99 and 0.23 to 0.99, respectively. Therein, the 1972 Kimberly Penman obtained the maximum D and EF of 0.99 and 0.99, respectively, and the minimum RMSE of 0.23, there- fore, the 1972 Kimberly Penman is the most suitable method for the calculation of reference evapotranspiration in oasis of Tarim Basin.