职业应激对职工唾液中免疫球蛋白G水平的影响

Influence of occupational stress on salivary immunoglobulin G concentration in employees

目的探讨唾液中免疫球蛋白G（IgG）作为职业应激客观评价指标的可能性。方法于2014年9月随机抽取扬中市某太阳能光伏企业在职职工186人作为研究对象，进行问卷调查；采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）试验测定唾液中IgG的浓度。结果不同工龄、班制组间唾液中IgG浓度的差异有统计学意义（脚．05）；工龄≤15年组职工唾液中IgG浓度[（49．93±7．97）μg/ml低于〉20年组[（53．80±8．22）μg／ml]，长白班组唾液中IgG浓度[（54．98±7．62）μg／ml]高于白夜倒班组[（51．85_±7．94）μg／ml]。工作需求、工作危险低水平组唾液中IgG浓度[（54．09±6．68）、（53．73±7．35）μg/ml]高于高水平组[（50．65±8．81）、（50．73±8．73）μg／ml]，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；心理健康感评分高水平组IgG浓度[（54．39±5．28）μg／ml]高于低水平组[（50．73±9．36）μg／ml]，差异有统计学意义（尸〈0．05）；唾液中IgG浓度与心理健康感评分呈正相关（r=0．314，P〈0．05）；而与工作需求、工作单调性、工作危险、工作前景、躯体抱怨、每日紧张感评分呈负相关（r=0．249、-0．159、-0．157、-0．030、-0．035、-0．176，均P〈0．05）；多元线性回归分析显示，唾液中IgG浓度主要受工作需求、心理健康感的影响。结论唾液中IgG浓度有作为职业应激客观评价指标的可能性。

Objective To investigate the possibility of salivary immunoglobulin G （IgG） as an objective assessment index for occupational stress. Methods In September 2014, a total of 186 employees in a solar photovohaic company were selected as research subjects, and a questionnaire survey was performed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure salivary IgG concentration. Results The salivary IgG concentration showed a significant difference between employees with different working years and shifts（P〈0.05）. The employees with ≤15 working years had a lower salivary IgG concentration than those with 〉20 working years （49.93±7.97μg/ml vs 53.80±8.22 μg/ml）, and the employees with long-day shifts had a higher salivary IgG concentration than those with day-night shifts （54.98±7.62 μg/ml vs 51.85±7.94 μg/ml）. The employees with low levels of job demands and job danger had a significantly higher salivary IgG concentration than those with high levels （54.09±6.68μg/ml vs 50.65±8.81 μg/ml, P〈0.05; 53.73±7.35 μg/ml vs 50.73±8.73 μg/ml, P〈0.05）. The employees with a high score of mental health had a significantly higher salivary IgG concentration than those with a low score （54.39±5.28μg/ml vs 50.73±9.36μg/ml, P〈0.05）. The salivary IgG concentration was positively correlated with the score of mental health （r=0.314, P〈0.05）, but negatively correlated with job demands, job routinization, job danger, job prospects, physical complaints, and daily stress（r=-0.249, -0.159, -0.157, -0.030, -0.035, and -0.176, all P〈0.05）. The muhivariate linear regression analysis showed that the salivary IgG concentration was mainly influenced by job demands and mental health. Conclusion Salivary IgG concentration can be applied as an objective assessment index for occupational stress.