职业枯竭与职工唾液中皮质醇浓度的关系

Correlation between job burnout and salivary cortisol concentration in employees

目的探讨职业枯竭与唾液中皮质醇浓度的关系。方法运用横断面调查法，于2014年9月对扬中市某太阳能光伏企业在职职工237人进行问卷调查，同时采用唾液收集管以咀嚼方式收集调查对象唾液，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法测定唾液中皮质醇浓度。结果不同年龄、工龄、学历、班制组间唾液中皮质醇浓度的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；唾液中皮质醇浓度与情感耗竭、人格解体、职业枯竭评分呈正相关（r=0．182、0．229、0．222，P〈0．05）；情感耗竭、人格解体和职业枯竭阳性组的皮质醇浓度[（80．22±13．34）、（80．69±12．99）、（80．06±12．63）μg/L]均高于阴性组[（75．86±14．75）、（75．27±14．89）、（72．76±16．04）μg/L]，差异均有统计学意义（t=2．029、2．607、3．248，P〈0．05）。结论职业枯竭与唾液中皮质醇浓度存在相关性，可以作为职业枯竭的客观评价指标。

Objective To investigate the correlation between job burnout and salivary cortisol concentration. Methods In September 2014, a cross-sectional survey was used to perform a questionnaire survey for 237 employees in a solar photovohaic company. Meanwhile, saliva was collected through chewing with a tube for saliva collection, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure salivary cortisol concentration. Results The salivary cortisol concentration showed no significant differences between employees with different ages, working years, educational backgrounds, and shifts （P 〉0.05）. The salivary cortisol concentration was positively correlated with the scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and job burnout （r=0.182, 0.229, and 0.222, P〈0.05）. The employees with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and job burnout had significantly higher salivary cortisol concentrations than those without emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and job burnout（80.22±13.34μg/L vs 75.86±14.75 μ/L, t=2.029, P〈0.05; 80.69±12.99 μg/L vs 75.27±14.89 μg/L, t=2.607, P〈0.05; 80.06±12.63 μg/L vs 72.76±16.04 μg/L, t=3.248, P〈0.05）. The stepwise regression analysis showed that salivary cortisol concentration was mainly influenced by depersonalization. Conclusion Job burnout is correlated with salivary cortisol concentration, and can be used as an objective assessment index for job burnout.