基于物元可拓法的湿地生态系统健康评价——以衡水湖国家湿地自然保护区为例

Application of the matter-element extension method to the ecosystem health assessment of the wetland——a case study on Hengshui Lake wetland national natural reserve

以"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型构建的湿地生态系统健康综合评价指标体系为基础,基于物元可拓理论确定评价物元,构建物元经典域、节域矩阵,并结合变异系数权法建立了综合评价模型,根据特征值计算结果和等级评定标准,综合判别湿地生态系统健康的现状等级。将此法应用于衡水湖国家自然湿地保护区的生态系统健康评价,其健康等级的特征值为3.312,据此判定衡水湖湿地处于亚健康水平,但有向不健康转化的趋势。分别与分形方法、韦-费定律对同例的评价结果进行了比较,结论总体吻合,表明物元可拓模型能够应用于湿地生态系统健康评价。

This paper aims to provide a new method for the wetland ecosystem health evaluation approach based on the matter-element ex- tension theory. The method includes four steps as follows. Firstly, we rebuild a comprehensive ecosystem health evaluation index system by the model of pressure-state-response （PSR） with three levels includ- ing pressure system level, the state level and the response system lev- el, which combined natural and economical factors with the social. Secondly, each grade range of wetland ecosystem health assessment was normalized. Besides, each evaluation index weight of wetland was calculated with variation coefficient method to get a comprehen- sive evaluation model of wetland ecosystem health. Thirdly, the wet- land ecosystem evaluation matter-element, classical domain and sec- tion domain matter-element matrix was ascertained on the basis of the matter-element extension theory. Finally, we established the wetland ecosystem health evaluation model then obtained wetland ecosystem correlation degree of pressure, state and response system levels re- spectively and comprehensive correlation degree of the whole wetland ecosystem health to work out eigenvalue for comprehensive evaluation level. The correlation and comprehensive correlation indicates that each layer grade level and the whole level of the wetland ecosystem health evaluation system respectively. Then, the eigenvalue obtains for the specific numerical of the comprehensive correlation degree. According to the above principles, the established model applies to the evaluation of Hengshui Lake Wetland national nature reserve in Hebei Province for a comprehensive evaluate. Comparing the same case assessment results by the wtiy of matter - element with the fractal method and the Weber-Fechner Law proves to be in close consistence for a sub-health state. The results which are quantitative and intuitive also show that, Hengshui Lake wetland eco-health converts to ill health with 3.312 level. In addition, the matter- element method puts into use of the evaluate of wetland health which can also gain each index evaluation level and developing trend of wetland ecosys- tem. All this proves that it is a new assessment method with high val-