微环境对牙周膜干细胞分化的抑制和诱导作用

Inhibition and induction on the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells in different microenvironments

牙周膜干细胞(PDLSC)在牙周组织缺损修复和维持牙周动态平衡中起关键性的作用,是牙周组织再生修复治疗的基础细胞。在不同微环境作用下,PDLSC的增殖分化特性呈现出较大的差别。牙周膜干细胞龛和炎症等微环境对PDLSC的分化有抑制作用,然而,牙本质微环境及发育期根尖微环境能促进PDLSC的分化。研究不同的微环境对PDLSC功能的影响,一方面有助于深入研究PDLSC的生物学功能,另一方面为PDLSC应用于牙周疾病的再生治疗提供理论依据。本文就不同的微环境对PDLSC分化的抑制和诱导作用研究进展作一综述,并展望PDLSC在牙周缺损再生治疗中的应用前景。

Periodontal ligament stem cells（PDLSC）, basic cells in the new treatment strategy for periodontal regeneration, perform a triggering function in regeneration after periodontal defect and the maintenance of periodontal dynamic equilibrium. Based on basic research and preclinical studies, as well as clinical trials, PDLSC would show different proliferation and differentiation in different microenvironment. PDLSC niche and inflammation could inhibition differentiation, whereas the microenvironment of dentin and developmental apex could show promotion. Therefore, the effects of different microenvironments on PDLSC may open the access of biological function and present theoretic foundation for periodontal regeneration. Therefore, this review focuses on the features and functional mechanisms of periodontal microenvironments and adds further insight into the use of PDLSC preparation as viable therapy for periodontal regeneration.