口腔细菌黏附机制的研究进展

Research progress on oral bacterial adhesion mechanism

口腔细菌黏附的机制是口腔微生物学和生态学的研究热点之一,近年来,随着分子生物研究水平的提高,口腔细菌黏附机制的研究在分子水平上有了较大的进展。细菌表面的黏附蛋白和受体以及菌毛和胞外多糖都参与细菌间的共聚及细菌对牙表面的黏附。材料表面的获得性薄膜、粗糙度、表面电荷和疏水性等特性也能影响细菌的定植和黏附。本文就细菌和材料两个方面对口腔细菌黏附的机制及控制细菌黏附的方法作一综述。

Oral bacterial adhesion mechanism is one of the focus studies in the research on oral microbiology and ecology. In recent years, with the improvement of molecular biology, the study of mechanism of oral bacteria adhesion has exhibited considerable progress at the molecular level. The adhesion protein-receptors, fimbriae, and exopolysaccharides on bacterial surface are responsible for the coaggregation of bacteria and adhesion of bacteria to teeth. The acquired pellicle on the material surface and several characteristics of the material, such as roughness, surface charge, and hydrophobicity, can affect bacterial colonization and adhesion. In this paper, the mechanism of oral bacteria adhesion from both bacteria and material, as well as the methods to control bacterial adhesion, are reviewed.