当前马来西亚博物馆与教育趋势

Current Trend of Museum and Education in Malaysia

在博物馆学界,马来西亚可谓东南亚地区的后起之秀。马来西亚三大先驱博物馆——霹雳州博物馆、砂拉越博物馆和雪兰莪博物馆的建立,标志着博物馆学在马来西亚落地生根。进入21世纪以来,马来西亚博物馆发展势头迅猛。迄今为止,马来西亚拥有联邦博物馆21家,包括私人博物馆、美术馆等在内的其他博物馆约200家。本文梳理了马来西亚博物馆发展史,并对马来西亚博物馆教育趋势进行了初步探讨。

In the world of museology, Malaysia may be considered as one of the late bloomers in the region of South East Asia. Begins with three pioneer museums namely the Perak Museum, Sarawak Museum and Selangor Museum, the field of museology has found its ground and develop albeit slowly. The establishment of Muzium Negara or National Museum of Malaysia marked as a beacon of national solidarity and unity which transcends a multicultural society that is rich in history, beliefs and customs. Since then, Muzium Negara of Malaysia becomes one of the most revered institutes and the country's sole guardian of the national heritage. Later on, the importance of museum institution in Malaysia becomes prominent and the government of Malaysia took the initiative to establish the Department of Museum and Antiquities which was then in charge of foreseeing and managing the development of museums and conserving the heritage sites and monuments in the country. To date, there are 21 federal museums in Malaysia and about 200 other museums comprise of private museums, institution museums, art galleries and state museums. The emergence of museums institution in Malaysia was geared by economic development and the exposure of young Malaysians to museum culture and experience. In tandem with this, the education trend which now focus more on analytical thinking and social as well as cultural interaction has contributed to the elevation of museum function to be more reachable, engaging and enriching to the public. Therefore, it is safe to suggest that, the education and economic development has played an important role to pave the way in the flourishment of museum institution in Malaysia. Now, it is a challenge for the museum professionals to be able to evolve in the 21 century by amalgamating the education trend and the museum function to create a new perspective on learning experience in the museum.