地方博物馆:使命、特征与策略

Local Museum: Mission, Characteristic and Strategy

地方博物馆是依托于特定地域社会的在地式博物馆,随着民族国家与区域社会的出现而形成,负有系统收集本地区社会记忆载体,并进行整理、研究和传播的使命。地方博物馆的兴起在很大程度上改变了传统的收藏价值取向、研究方法及展览功能,导致展览要素构成的复杂化,并对当代展览策划的程序提出挑战。然而,在当代中国,地方博物馆还没有成为一种自觉的意识,许多地方博物馆馆长并不清楚它与古典艺术博物馆的区别,这种观念的混乱导致地方博物馆建设盲目模仿古典艺术博物馆,从而放弃了自己应当承担的社会职责,并淡化了地方博物馆存在的理由。本文希望通过对地方博物馆与古典艺术博物馆的比较,帮助人们更清醒地认识地方博物馆的使命、特征,并制定适合自己发展,有助于更好履行自己使命的策略。

Local museums, emerging with the arising of national state and regional society and existing in specifically regional society, are responsible for collecting, sorting out, researching and spreading the records of the respective regions. They bring a great change to the traditional collecting tendency, research methods, functions and components of exhibitions, and challenge the construction procedure of contemporary exhibitions. Nevertheless, local museums in today's China still lack self-awareness and a clarified difference with classical art museums. Furthermore, consequent blind imitation overwhelms the identity and responsibility of the local museums themselves. The paper compares the two kinds of museums mentioned above, aiming at arousing people's awareness of the local museums' mission and characteristic, subsequently tailoring their own strategy.