妇好墓出土人像及相关问题探讨

Research on Jade Figurines from Fu Hao Tomb and Related Problems

通过对殷墟妇好墓出土人像和红山文化人像的对比分析,总结出殷墟妇好墓出土的人像受到了红山文化时期人像造型特征、使用传统等方面的强烈影响。此外,妇好墓还出土有受红山文化风格影响的圆雕蜷体玉龙和明确属于红山文化的典型玉器。所以,商代文明社会的形成和发展及商文化的起源与辽西地区红山文化有密切传承关系。红山文化时期,原始宗教信仰发达,祖先崇拜、龙图腾崇拜观念发展成熟,这两者均为商代祭祀活动的主要对象。越来越多的考古证据表明,商王朝缔造者的祖先可能源自西辽河流域。也正因如此,我们认为形成于距今5300-5000年的红山文明,应为中华五千年文明的重要源头之一。

Through a comparative analysis of the figurines in Yin Ruins Fu Hao Tomb and Hongshan Culture, it is concluded that the figurines in Fu Hao Tomb have been strongly influenced by the appearance feature and traditional function of figurines in Hongshan Culture. In addition, Fu Hao Tomb unearthed with curly-up dragon jade, which was influenced by Hongshan Culture, and with typical jade artifacts belonged to Hongshan Culture. Therefore, the formation and development of the civilized society in the Shang Dynasty and the origin of Shang culture were closely related to Hongshan Culture in western Liaoning area. During the Hongshan Culture period, the primitive religious beliefs developed. The concepts of ancestor worship and dragon totem worship completed, both of which were the main objects of sacrificial activities in the Shang Dynasty. More and more archaeological evidence shows that the ancestors of Shang Dynasty's founders could come from the West Liaohe River Basin. For this reason, we believe that the Hongshan civilization formed in 5,300 to 5,000 years ago should be one of the important sources of China's five thousand years of civilization.