环太湖地区史前时期头向传统的区域差异及演变——兼谈良渚古城崛起的背景

Regional Differences and Changes of Head Direction Tradition in Taihu Neighborhood Prehistoric Tombs and Concurrently Discussion on Background of Liangzhu Old City’s Rise

基于陶器组合的研究可知马家浜时期环太湖地区太湖西部、太湖北部和太湖南部存在明显的地域差异,这种差异在崧泽至良渚时期逐渐减弱,反映了这一区域日渐加强的文化同化和融合,这一过程在墓葬头向传统的区域差异及演变上也有所显示。良渚古城区的丧葬传统及玉器随葬和部分陶器等与苕溪下游乃至巢湖流域有着最为紧密的关系。根据墓葬头向的研究,在整个环太湖良渚时期墓葬普遍以南向为主导之时,良渚古城区仍存在两种采用不同头向传统的人群。

There is obvious regional difference in pottery combinations among western Taihu,northern Taihu and Southern Taihu during Majiabang period.This difference gradually declines from Songze to Liangzhu period,indicating cultural assimilation and fusion.This trend also appears in the tombs’heads direction tradition in this region.In Liangzhu old city,funeral custom,jade and funeral goods and some potteries are most related to lower Tunxi and Chaohu waters.Based on research of head directions in tombs,though south is the dominant style in the whole Taihu during Liangzhu period,ancient residents in Liangzhu old city use two different head directions in funeral custom.