“南海Ⅰ号”发掘现场船体的稳定性保护

The Stability Conservation on the Excavation Site of "Nanhai No.1" Shipwrecks of Song Dynasty

2013年'南海Ⅰ号'全面发掘工作展开后,船体及船载文物陆续暴露于大气环境之中。'南海Ⅰ号'宋代沉船浸泡于水下长达800余年,船体木材降解、损坏严重,加之船载文物数量巨大,材质种类多样,叠积密集,其发掘及保护的模式尚无先例可循,发掘现场船体保护任务十分艰巨。维持船体的稳定性,为今后的全面保护、修复做好基础性工作,是'南海Ⅰ号'当前发掘阶段现场保护的重点。为此,结合'南海Ⅰ号'沉船沉积及保存环境变化、船体木材保存状态进行检测分析,梳理了'南海Ⅰ号'现场稳定保护处理的基本技术路线和实施方法。相关监测分析数据显示,'南海Ⅰ号'船体在现场发掘条件下的保存状态没有进一步劣化的趋势,说明发掘现场稳定性保护处理方案得当,实施措施有效。

Since the beginning of comprehensive excavation of'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty in 2013,the hull and ship-borme cultural relics have been gradually exposed to the air environment with the process of its excavation.As a result of the fact that the'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty has been submerged in the South China Sea for more than 800 years,the degradation and damage of the hull wood have become increasingly serious.In addition,the quantity of cargo carried by the ship was huge,the materials of cultural relics were various,and the goods were piled up densely.Therefore,there is no precedent for its excavation and conservation mode,and the task of hull conservation on its excavation site is very arduous.To maintain the hull stability of'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty,is the basic work for the comprehensive conservation and repair of the hull in the future,and also the key task of implementing onsite conservation in the current stage of its excavation.In this study,the change of deposit and preservation environment of'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty has been analyzed,and the preserved status of the wood of its hull been checked.The basic technology roadmap and implementation methods of onsite stability conservation and treatment of'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty are presented in this paper.Relevant monitoring and analysis data show that,there is no further deterioration trend of the preserved status of the hull of'Nanhai No.1'shipwrecks of Song Dynasty under the condition of on-site excavation,which indicates that the stability conservation and treatment scheme on its excavation site is appropriate and the implementation measures are effective.