基于优先连接的纳米技术合作网络演化研究

A Study on the Evolution of Nanotechnology Collaboration Network Based on Preferential Attachment

运用社会网络分析和统计学方法,基于USPTO专利数据,以组织为网络节点,从节点进入、退出和优先连接选择双重视角研究纳米技术研发网络的演化机制,研究发现:(1)纳米技术研发网络通过节点组织的频繁更新和节点关系的快速重建两种路径实现从低级向高级的演化;(2)纳米技术研发合作网络节点间的连接具有高度的选择性,新进入的节点选择合作伙伴时,考虑的首要因素是对方的中间中心度,其次是度数中心度,网络演化持续时间越长,上述特征越明显;(3)节点自身的技术、组织、沟通能力条件和外部商业竞争压力引致的发展需求是纳米技术研发网络演化的双重驱动力量;(4)基于中间中心度的优先连接对新进入者和在位者的创新绩效均有正向促进作用。

Based on social network analysis and statistical method, this paper analyzes the evolution mechanism of nanotechnology collaboration network from the perspective of nodes＇ entry and exit and preferential attachment using USPTO patent data. The result shows that ： （ 1 ） the nanotechnology R＆D network evolves from junior to senior through nodes＇ frequent updates and fast reconstruction of node relationship; （2） the attachment behavior between nodes has high selectivity in the nanotechnology collaboration network; when new nodes choose cooperative part,ers, the primary factor to consider is betweenness centrality of an existing node, and degree centrality followed; As the network evolves, the characteristic becomes more obvious; （3） the technical capacity, organizational capability, communication skill of the node itself and the development needs from external commercial competition are the driving forces of the evolution in nanotechnology collaboration network; （4） preferential attachment based on betweenness centrality has a positive role on promoting the innovation performance of new nodes and existing nodes.