小胎龄极低出生体重儿支气管肺发育不良的高危因素分析

The high-risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in small gestational age premature infants

目的:探讨胎龄≤32周支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的高危因素。方法:对2009年2月至2014年2月我院NICU住院治疗胎龄≤32周的极低出生体重儿110例临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:与非BPD组比较,BPD组在胎龄、出生体重、合并新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、产后感染、机械通气、总吸氧时间、早产儿视网膜病(ROP)、住院天数、用碳青霉烯类抗生素>4周等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示胎龄、出生体重、产后感染、机械通气是发生BPD的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论:避免早产、低出生体重、防治和减少产后感染、尽量减少机械通气是防治BPD的关键。

[ Objective] To explore the high- risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD） in premature infants whose ges- tational age were less than 32 weeks. [Method] From Feb 2009 to Feb 2014, the clinical data of 110 very low birth weight in- fants, whose gestational age were less than 32 weeks in our NICU, were reviewed. [Result3The premature infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, gestational age, birth weight, postnatal infection, mechanical ventilation, total oxygen time, retinopathy of prematurity, hospital days, administering advanced broad- specmun antibiotics （more than four weeks） in BPD group were higher than those premature infants without BPD （ P 〈 0.05）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that gestational age, birth weight, posmatal infection and mechanical ventilation were high risk factors of BPD （ P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion] The key points of preventing BPD were avoiding the birth of preterm infants with the very low birth weight, preventing and reducing postnatal infection, shorting the duration of mechanical ventilation.