2004～2014年沈阳市猩红热流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever,Shenyang city,2004-2014

目的 分析沈阳市近年来猩红热发病水平和流行特征,探讨控制对策,为制订猩红热防制规划提供科学依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对沈阳市2004~2014年猩红热疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2004~2014年沈阳市猩红热年均报告发病率为21.93/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;性别比为1.52∶1,男性年均报告发病率为26.15/10万,女性为17.62/10万（P〈0.01）;5~6、11~12月报告发病数分别占全年报告发病数的25.47%（4669/18 332）、26.30%（4 822/18 332）;发病年龄以3~8岁为主,占77.46%（14 200/18 332）;学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的39.88%（7 311/18 332）、36.81%（6 748/18 332）、20.48%（3 754/18 332）。结论男性猩红热年均报告发病率高于女性,学龄前儿童和小学生为高危人群,冬春季为高发季节。

Objective To analyze the incidence level and epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Shenyang city, 2004-2014,so as to provide the scientific basis for formulating the planning of preventive measures. Methods Descrip- tive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic reporting information of scarlet fever in Shenyang city,2004- 2014. Results During 2004 to 2014,the reported average annual incidence rate of scarlet fever was 21.93/10s in Sheny- angcity,there was significant difference between each year（ P d0.01）;The ratio of male to female was 1.52 ： 1 ,the male average annual incidence rate was 26.15/105 ,the female average annual incidence rate was 17.62/10% （ P d0.01） ;The re- port incidence cases of May to June. November to December accounted for 25.47 % （4 669 / 18 332） and 26.30 % （4 822 / 18 332）of the total number of cases respeetively; the dominant incidence age was 3-8 years, accounting for 77.46% （14 200/18 332）;students, childcare, scattered children reported incidence cases accounted for 39.88% （7 311/18 332）, 26.30%（6 748/18 332）and 20.48%（3 754/18 332） of the total number of cases respectively. Conclusion The repor- ted average annual incidence rate of scarlet fever is higher in males than that in females, the preschool children and primary school students are the high-risk groups, and winter and spring are the peak seasons.