司法规律层次论

On the Hierarchy of Judicial Law

司法规律属于社会规律之范畴。它内在地包括构造论规律、运行论规律和生成论规律三个基本层次。其中,构造论规律揭示出司法的构成单元及其相互关系和基本属性;运行论规律揭示出司法的运行方式及其基本法则和价值趋向;生成论规律则揭示出司法的生成和进化的历史过程和深层本质。借助于由构造论规律和运行论规律所构成的司法客体规律,可以认识和把握司法现象,唯借助于生成论规律方能认识和把握司法之本质。在生成论规律看来,司法规律并非在先给定,也非司法本身所固有,而是在司法实践的历史过程中生成的。因此,由司法体制及其构造与运行模式等所构成的司法客体形式,并不是司法本质的决定性因素,而仅仅是认识司法本质的一种媒介。欲认识和把握司法的本质,必须从客体规律转向实践规律,转向主观见之于客观的司法实践的历史过程之中,转向支配司法实践的司法社会关系之中。

Judicial law belongs to the category of social law. There are three basic levels of judicial law, namely the constructivist laws, the revolution laws and the generative laws. Among them, the constructivist laws describe the inner relationship of justice units and their basic nature; the revolution laws reveal the external movements and their results; the generative laws reveal the formation and evolution and essentials of justice. So we can understand the phenomenon of justice through the constructivist laws, but only the generative laws can grasp the essence of justice. In the eye of generative laws, judicial law is not inherent, but generated in the course of history in the judicial practice. Therefore, the object in the form of judicial constituted judicial system and its structure and operation mode, is not the essence of justice, but merely a kinds of medium to recognize the nature of justice. To understand and grasp the essence of justice, our understandings must change from the object laws to in-depth practice laws, to turn a historical process of judicial practice that the subjectivity of human being is presented, and turn to judicial social relations among judicial practice.