眉山水陆考

An Philological Investigation of the Meishan Shuilu Ritual Text

苏轼《水陆法像赞》此前被与《眉山水陆》相提并论,但由于资料有限,学界对二者关系的认识一直不太清晰。以《水陆法像赞》小引提到的"法云寺法涌禅师善本"为突破点,可推知《水陆法像赞》撰于元祐六年夏秋之间,与苏轼元祐八年为亡妻所设水陆道场无关。根据所见昆明地区两种相关新资料,可知《眉山水陆》又称《龙华水陆仪》,是指南宋绍兴年间张兴运、宝月禅师等人编辑,以杨锷《水陆仪》、祖觉《水陆斋仪》为基础,将苏轼《水陆法像赞》纳入到中、下时仪文中的水陆仪。

Although they are often placed in the same category,the relationship between SU Shi's Eulogy of Shuilu Scenes and Meishan Shuilu Ritual Text has not been cleared due to limited documents. Based on the message of'the rare edition of Chan Master Fa-yong in Fayun Temple'in the brief introduction to the Eulogy,this paper finds that the Eulogy was written in 1091 and thus independent of the Shuilu rite organized by SU Shi for his dead wife in 1093. The two Buddhist records newly unearthed in Kunming show that Meishan,also called Longhua Shuilu Ritual Text,was compiled by lay Buddhist ZHANG Xing-yun and Chan Master Bao-yue in the Southern Song Dynasty. It adopts SU Shi's Eulogy based upon YANG Er's Shuilu Ritual Text and Zen Master Zu-jue's Shuilu Fast Ritual Text.