磁性活性炭的制备及其吸附性能

Study on preparation and adsorption properties of magnetic activated carbon

为改善粉末活性炭的可分离性,采用化学共沉淀法制备新型磁性活性炭,以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物配制染料废水,对粉末态磁性活性炭对目标污染物的处理效能进行探讨,并与粉末活性炭处理效果进行对比,考察p H、接触时间以及污染物质量浓度对其处理效能的影响.结果表明:合成的粉末态磁性活性炭吸附能力高于粉末活性炭,p H为影响其处理效能的关键因素,偏碱性的p H和适宜的接触时间有利于污染物的去除.当亚甲基蓝初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、磁性活性炭投量为0.4 g/L、p H为9、反应时间为300 min时,亚甲基蓝的去除率达98.9%.亚甲基蓝在磁性活性炭上的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线和Elovich动力学模型,热力学分析表明,该吸附过程为自发进行的单分子层吸热反应,且以化学吸附为主.该磁性活性炭具有很好的分离性能,在自然重力沉降条件下10 min内沉淀完全,而在外强磁场作用下30 s内可实现快速分离.

In order to improve the separability of powdered activated carbon, a new type of magnetic activated carbon was prepared using chemical co-precipitation. Using methylene blue as target pollutants, performance of the powdered magnetic activated carbon was studied under varied conditions of pH, contact time and initial methylene blue concentrations, via the comparison with powdered activated carbon. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of synthetic magnetic powdered activated carbon was higher than that of the powdered activated carbon, and an alkaline pH value and adequate contact time were favorable for the pollutants removal. Under the condition of 100 mg/L methylene blue concentration,0.4 g/L magnetic activated carbon dosage of, pH 9 and a reaction time of 300 minutes, the removal rate of methylene blue reached 98.9%. The adsorption behavior of methylene blue on magnetic activated carbon fitted the Langmuir isotherm and Elovich dynamics model. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous endothermic reaction of single molecule layer, and the chemical adsorption played an important role during the adsorption process. The magnetic activated carbon had a good recyclable performance, it could complete precipitation in 10 minutes under natural condition, and could be quickly separated in 30 seconds under the action of outside magnetic field.