湿地气候变化适应性策略概述

Strategies for Wetland Climate Change Adaptation

湿地对水质和水量的变化显示出较高的脆弱性,因此湿地生态系统容易受到气候变化的影响;但是其强大的水文、物质和能量循环功能也使得湿地表现出很强的气候变化适应性。文中在回顾目前湿地气候变化适应性相关研究的基础上,总结了气候变化对湿地生态系统造成的影响,以及湿地生态系统对气候变化的响应;提出应该从适应温度上升、确保生态需水量、保护生物多样性、强化生态系统服务和增加灾害抵御能力这5个方面增加湿地生态系统对气候变化的适应性,以期为气候变化背景下的湿地保护和管理工作提供更多的思路和借鉴。

Wetland shows a high vulnerability to the change in water quality and water volume, and thus wetland ecosystem is susceptible to the impacts of climate change. However, the strong hydrologic, material and energy cycling function of wetland enable wetland to have a strong adaptation to climate change. This article first reviewed the research on wetland climate change adaption, concluded the influence of climate change on wetland ecosystem as well as the wetland ecosystem response to climate change, and came up with 5 actions to increase wetland ecosystem adaption to climate change, including adapting to the increasing temperature, maintaining ecological water supplement, increasing the biodiversity, improving ecosystem service, and strengthening disaster resistance. This paper made attempt to provide more thoughts and references to wetland management and conservation in the context of climate change.