农村商业银行股权结构、信贷行为与经营绩效——以江苏省为例

The Ownership Structure,Credit Behavior and Performance of Rural Commercial Banks:Evidence from Jiangsu Province

本文选取江苏省51家农村商业银行2009-2014年间的数据,统计分析了样本银行在产权改革前后信贷行为与经营绩效的变化情况,并运用2012-2014年的面板数据实证检验了改制后农村商业银行股权结构对其信贷行为和经营绩效的影响。分析发现,改制后,农村商业银行贷款增速放缓,信贷经营趋于审慎,支农力度基本稳定,但贷款质量相对偏低,经营绩效增长趋缓。实证分析结果表明,农村商业银行股权结构分散,以民营企业股为主,民营股占比高,这有利于信贷支农力度的稳定,但不利于经营绩效的提升,农村商业银行商业可持续发展目标与支农的政策目标难以兼顾;农村商业银行股权集中度与经营绩效之间的关系符合＂掏空假说＂,即大股东持股比例对经营绩效有负向影响;农村商业银行股权制衡度对经营绩效有正向影响。

Using the data of 51 rural commercial banks in Jiangsu from 2009 to 2014,we analyze the differences of the credit behavior and performance in sample banks before and after the reform of property right system.We also use the 2012-2014 penal data to empirically test the effects of rural commercial banks' ownership structure on the credit behavior and performance after the reform.Our analysis towards sample commercial banks shows that:After the reform,the increase of loans slows down,and the credit behavior is more careful.Although the magnitude of supporting agriculture remains stable,the quality of loans is relatively worse and the increase of performance slows down.Empirical results indicate that the ownership structure of rural commercial banks is decentralized,in which the private enterprise stock is me majority.The high proportion of private enterprise stoke contributes to the stability of the magnitude of supporting agriculture,but hinders the increase of performance.For rural commercial banks,the objective of sustainable development is not compatible with the objective of supporting agriculture.The relationship between the ownership centralization and performance of rural commercial banks accord with the tunnel hypothesis.Thus,the large shareholders' share proportion negatively affect the performance,while the check-and-balance of stock ownership positively affect the performance.