膜下滴灌条件下不同灌水量对玉米产量及土壤水分的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Quota on Yield and Soil Moisture of Maize with Drip Irrigation under Film Mulch

为建立赤峰地区膜下滴灌玉米灌溉制度，指导农业生产，通过连续两年的田间试验，研究不同灌水定额对玉米产量的影响，分析了不N灌水定额的土壤水分动态变化规律，进而讨论了在不同灌水定额条件下玉米的产量、总耗水量、以及水分利用效率的差异。结果表明：膜下滴灌条件下玉米土壤水分运移变化多在60cm土层以上，尤其以0～20cm土层变化最为明显。膜下滴灌玉米产量和全生育期耗水量与灌水定额大小成正比，随灌水量的增加而增加，水分利用效率与之相反。综合连续两年的产量、耗水量及水分利用效率对比分析，认为赤峰地区膜下滴灌玉米的灌水量为150～180mm是较为适宜的，为指导赤峰地区玉米膜下滴灌合理灌溉及增产节水提供理论依据。

In order to establish drip irrigation system for maize in Chifeng areas, to give a guidance of agricultural production, the effects of different mulched drip irrigation quota on the yield of maize were studied by a two-year field experiment. The different irrigation quota on the dynamic changes of soil moisture was analyzed, and then we discussed the yield of maize and water consumption and water use efficiency at different irrigation quota level. The results showed that： soil water content changed in more than 60cm soil layer in drop irrigation under film mulch, especially in 0-20cm soil layer water change was the most obvious. The yield of maize and soil water consumption in the whole growth period were proportional to the irrigation quota and increased with the increase of irrigation quota in drop irrigation under film mulch, and the water use efficiency vice versa. Compared with yield, water consumption and water use efficiency in two years, it was considered that irrigation quota was appropriately controlled from 150mm to 180 mm, which provided basis for determining reasonable irrigation and saving water and increasing yield of maize in drop irrigation under film mulch in Chifeng areas.