季节性高温和干旱对亚热带毛竹林碳通量的影响

Effect of seasonal high temperature and drought on carbon flux of bamboo forest ecosystem in subtropical region

采用涡度相关技术对安吉亚热带毛竹林生态系统碳通量进行连续观测,选取2011和2013年月尺度净生态系统生产力(NEP)、生态系统呼吸(Re)和总生态系统生产力(GEP)数据,探讨季节性高温、干旱对毛竹林生态系统碳通量的影响.结果表明:安吉毛竹林年际间NEP有较大差异;2013年7和8月由于水热不同步而造成的高温干旱使其NEP明显下降,相比于2011年同期分别下降了59.9%和80.0%.对2011和2013年月尺度下NEP、Re和GEP与环境因子进行相关分析发现,Re和GEP与温度因子均呈显著相关(P<0.05),但两者对空气和土壤水分的响应方式和程度有所不同,GEP相比于Re更易受到土壤水分降低的影响,而饱和水汽压差的升高会在一定程度上促进Re、同时抑制GEP,这是造成2013年7和8月安吉毛竹林NEP降低的根本原因.

The carbon flux of subtropical bamboo forest ecosystem was continuously measured using eddy covariance technique in Anji County of Zhejiang Province, China. The monthly net ecosystem productivity （NEP）, ecosystem respiration （Ro） and gross ecosystem productivity （GEP） data from 2011 to 2013 were selected to analyze the impacts of seasonal high temperature and drought on the carbon flux of bamboo forest ecosystem. The results showed that there were big differences among annual NEP of bamboo forest from 2011 to 2013. Because of the asynchronization of precipitation and heat, the seasonal high temperature and drought in July and August of 2013 caused significant decline in NEP by 59.9% and 80.0% when compared with the same months in 2011. Correlation analysis of the NEP, Re, GEP and environmental factors suggested that the atmosphere temperatures were significantly correlated with Re and GEP in 2011 and 2013 （P〈0.05）. However, to air and soil moisture, Re and GEP had different responses, that was, GEP was more vulnerable by the decrease of the soil moisture compared with Re. Besides, the raising of saturation vapour pressure promoted the Re modestly but inhibited the GEP, which was supposed to be the main reason for NEP decrease of bamboo forest ecosystem in Anji from July to August in 2013.