山茶籽醇提取液对去卵巢阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆、脑组织β淀粉样蛋白的影响

Effect of ethanol extract of camellia seed oil on learning,memory and brain beta amyloid protein in ovariectomized Alzheimer’s disease rats

目的：观察山茶籽醇提取液对去卵巢阿尔茨海默病（AD）大鼠学习记忆、脑组织β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）的影响，为临床应用山茶籽醇提取液防治雌激素缺乏AD提供实验依据。方法：5月龄健康雌性大鼠分成对照组、AD模型组、山茶籽治疗组和雌二醇治疗组。各实验组第4、8、12周分别取大鼠，称重后进行水迷宫实验，再麻醉大鼠取左心血5ml，处死取大脑。免疫组织化学显色的大脑组织片用显微镜观察；右侧大脑用低温匀浆提取液进行郫分析。结果：AD模型组经水迷宫实验证明其学习记忆能力明显下降，脑组织海马CA1免疫组织化学显色Aβ沉积明显增加，Aβ阳性细胞计数明显增加，脑组织Aβ1-40电泳带光密度值明显增加，山茶籽治疗组和雌二醇（E2）治疗组的学习记忆能力明显提高，海马CA1免疫组织化学显色Aβ沉积和邸阳性细胞计数明显减少，脑组织Aβ1-40电泳带光密度值明显变小。结论：山茶籽醇提取液有雌激素样作用，可以减少AD模型大鼠脑组织β淀粉样蛋白沉积，提高其学习记忆能力，对去卵巢AD模型大鼠有防治作用。

Objective： To observe the effect of alcohol extract of camellia seeds on learning and memory ability and brain amyloid of ovariectomized Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） rats and to provide experimental evidence for the clinical application of alcohol extract of camelia seeds in preventing AD induced by estrogen deficiency. Methods： 5-month-old female rats were divided into control group, AD model group, camellia＋AD model group and estradiol （F4） group＋AD model group. After 4,8,12 weeks, rats were taken from each experimental group to weigh and take water maze test. The rats were anesthetized, then left heart blood 5 ml and the brain was taken out. Immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue slices was observed by microscope; the right side of the brain Aβextracts were analyzed by low homogenates. Results： Water maze experiments of the AD model group demonstrated significant decrease in the ability of learning and memory. Immunohistochemical staining of the hippocampal CA1 brain showed Aβ deposition significantly increased and Aβ-positive cell counts increased significantly; brain Aβ1-40 electrophoresis with optical density significantly increased; learning and memory ability in camellia＋AD model group and estradiol （E2）＋AD model group significantly increased; Aβ deposition and Aβ positive cells in hippocampal CA1 were significantly reduced; brain Aβ1-40 electrophoresis optical density was significantly low. Conclusion： Mountain camellia alcohol extracts have estrogen-like effects. They have a preventive effect on ovariectomized rats with AD by reducing the brain β-amyloid deposition and improving their learning and memory ability.