贵阳地区350例哮喘患儿血清特异性IgE水平

The Level of Specific Ig E in 350 Children with Asthma in Guiyang

目的：分析贵阳地区哮喘患儿血清过敏原特异性Ig E（SIg E）水平及哮喘过敏原种类分布。方法：350例哮喘患儿按年龄分为：婴幼儿组（〈3岁）93例,学龄前组（3-6岁）120例和学龄组（7-15岁）137例,采用欧蒙印迹法（EUROLINE）检测各组患儿血清常规SIg E及过敏原组合,进一步分析吸入性SIg E与食入性SIg E的过敏原组合;比较3组患儿SIg E表达水平。用EUROLine Scan软件判定SIg E水平。结果：350例哮喘患儿SIg E阳性276例（78.85%）,排列前四位的过敏原依次为尘螨组合、屋尘、狗上皮及淡水鱼组合;学龄前组及学龄组患儿吸入性过敏原SIg E阳性率明显高于婴幼儿组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;婴幼儿组及学龄前组患儿食入性过敏原SIg E阳性率明显高于学龄组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;学龄组SIg E阳性强度明显高于婴幼儿组和学龄前组（P〈0.01）;学龄组患儿过敏原尘螨SIg E强度明显高于婴幼儿组和学龄前组,3组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：尘螨是贵阳地区哮喘患儿的主要致敏原,学龄前期、学龄期患儿以吸入过敏原为主,婴幼儿以食入性过敏原为主。

Objective： To explore the category and distribution of specific IgE level in children with asthma. Methods： A total of 350 cases of children patients with asthma were enrolled in this study, who were divided into infants and young children group （ 〈 3 year-old, 93 cases） , pre-sehool group （3 -6 year-old, 120 cases） and school age group （7 - 15 year-old, 137 cases）. EUROLIN was adopted to detect serum specific IgE level and allergen combination. Furthermore, inhalable specific IgE and ingestive specific IgE allergen combination were analyzed. The serum specific IgE in 3 groups were compared and the specific IgE levels were determined by EUROLine Scan software. Results： The positive cases of SIgE in 350 cases of children was 276 （78.85%）. The 4 allergen that were most likely to occur were dust mite combination, house dust, dog dander and freshwater fish combination. The SIgE positive rates caused by inhalable allergen in pre-school group and school age group were significantly higher than their counterparts in infants and young children group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The SIgE posi- tive rates caused by ingestive allergen in infants and young children group and pre-school group were significantly higher than their counterparts in school age group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The SIgE positive intensity of school age group was significantly higher than those of infants and young children group and preschool group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The SIgE positive intensity of school age group caused by dust mite allergen was significantly higher than those of infants and young children group and pre-school group, and the differences were statisticalyl significant between the three groups（P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion： Dust mites are the most important allergen in children with asthma in Guiyang. For pre-school and school age children, the reason for asthma is mainly inhalable allergen while for infants and young children the reason is mainly is ingestive allergen.