新型管槽式吸收塔液体分布器的研制及性能测试

Research and characteristic measurement of a novel ladder-slot liquid distributor in absorption tower

针对气体吸收分离中常见的吸收塔管式、槽式分布器液体分布不均匀的问题,开发出一种新型的管槽式液体分布器,并搭建直径1.2 m的吸收塔实验平台,对不同气相进料风速、不同喷淋密度下管式、槽式及管槽式分布器的液体分布情况和整塔压降,以及壁流效应进行了实验测定。实验结果表明:风速对分布器的液态分布性能没有太大的影响。随着喷淋密度的增大,新型管槽式液体分布器的不均匀系数逐渐下降,最大喷淋密度[L=6.99m3/(m2·h)]时其值接近0,相对于管式和槽式分布器分别下降6%和11%。不同风速下,管槽式分布器相对于管式、槽式分布器的整塔压降最高分别降低24%和16%;而且管槽式分布器壁流效应比管式与槽式的更不明显。最后,针对实验中管槽式分布器出现的问题,进行了分析并提出进一步优化的方案。对于在工业生产中喷淋密度大都大于实验时的喷淋密度,新型管槽式分布器将有更优异的表现,具有很好的规模化应用前景。

A novel ladder-slot liquid distributor was invented to improve the liquid distribution in the absorption tower for the gas absorption separation, based on the common problem of the uneven distribution from the traditional ladder or slot liquid distributor. Then an experimental platform with an absorption tower （ Diameter = 1.2 m） was set up to evaluate the liquid distribution, the pressure drop and the wall-flow effect of the tower respectively assembled with the ladder, slot, and ladder-slot liquid distributors under the different gas velocity and sprinkle density. The results show that the gas velocity has little impacts on the liquid distribution from the three distributors, but the liquid distribution from the ladder-slot distributor is obviously more uniform than that from the ladder or slot liquid distributor with the increase of the sprinkle density. At the biggest sprinkle density [ 6.99 m3/ （ m2 ~ h） ], the distribution non-uniform coefficient of the ladder-slot distributor is close to zero, which is lower by 6% and 11% than the coefficients of the ladder and slot liquid distributors, respectively. Under the different gas velocity, the pressure drop of the tower with the ladder-slot distributor can be reduced by 24% and 16% at most, compared to the ladder and slot distributors respectively. Similarly, the wall-flow effect for the ladder-slot distributor is not obvious, compared to the ladder and slot distributors respectively. Furthermore, some optimal suggestions are provided to improve the distributing effects for the new ladder-slot distributor, according to the test results. As the industrial production tends to have a higher sprinkle density, the new ladder-slot distributor will have more excellent performance and good scale application prospect.