不同土壤肥力条件下的滴灌冬小麦水肥运筹试验研究

Water and Fertilizer Application Mode of Drip Irrigated Winter Wheat Under Different Soil Fertility Conditions

旨在探索滴灌冬小麦最佳水肥运筹模式,为滴灌条件下冬小麦优质高产的水肥高效管理提供科学依据。本研究选择两块不同土壤基础肥力的田块,进行冬小麦不同生育阶段的水氮组合处理对比试验研究,通过对冬小麦干物质积累、品质等指标的测定,分析不同土壤肥力条件、不同水氮运筹方案对滴灌冬小麦产量及品质的影响。结果表明:土壤基础肥力对滴灌小麦干物质积累影响显著,增施基肥能提高冬小麦光合产物从而提高冬小麦产量。土壤基础肥力提高对滴灌冬小麦籽粒容重、蛋白质含量、维生素B1、氨基酸含量和吸水率具有负效应。推荐高肥力田滴灌冬小麦水肥运筹方式为W2N2,即灌浆期水分调控和氮肥后移的组合方式;低肥力田滴灌冬小麦水肥运筹方式为W1N3即返青-拔节期水肥调控的组合方式为宜。

The aim was to explore the best water and fertilizer application mode for winter wheat, and providescientific basis for efficient-water and fertilizer management of high-quality, high-yield winter wheat underdrip irrigation condition. Two pieces of field with different soil fertilities were chosen to conduct comparativeexperiment on water nitrogen combination treatment for winter wheat at different growing stages. The effect ofdifferent soil fertilities, different water nitrogen application modes on the yield and quality of winter wheat wasanalyzed by determining dry matter accumulation of winter wheat. The results indicated that soil basic fertilityhad a significantly positive effect on dry matter accumulation of drip irrigated wheat; the increase of basefertilizer could improve photosynthetic products to increase winter wheat yield. The improvement of soil basicfertility had a negative effect on drip irrigated winter wheat in grain test weight, protein content, vitamin B1,amino acid content and water absorption rate. It was recommended that the W2N2 water and fertilizerapplication mode of drip irrigation was suitable for winter wheat in high fertility field, namely the combinationpattern of moisture regulation in filling stage and postponing nitrogen application, while the W1N3 water andfertilizer application mode of drip irrigation was suitable for winter wheat in low fertility field, namely thecombination pattern of water and fertilizer regulation in reviving- jointing stage.