关于公共保障与社会保障几个问题的再认识——与余斌先生商榷

Reunderstanding on Public Security and Social Security——Discussion with Mr.Yu Bin

公共保障与公共财政支出存在密切联系,它是由政府通过提供公共产品来满足市场机制无力解决的社会需求的手段。无限制地扩大公共保障的内涵,过度扩大公共保障的功能,会对市场机制配置资源的功能形成挤出效应。社会保障作为公共保障体系的重要组成部分,是适应工业化社会生产方式的变化在社会管理领域的一大创新。它所体现的价值在于由政府主导对社会成员尤其是弱势群体的基本生活条件进行制度性安排。我国目前社会保障制度的建设,也需要在坚持普遍性原则的同时,防止脱离经济承受能力,盲目提高社会保障水平。适度原则应该成为社会保障制度的基本原则。

Public security is closely linked with fiscal expenditure. It is a mean that the governments use to meet social needs by providing public goods when market mechanism fails to do so. Unlimitedly expanding the concept of public security and over-extending its function will result in the crowding-out effect to market ~s resources allocation function. As an important component of the public security system, social security is a major innovation in the social management field to adapt to the change of industrialized social production mode. The key value of social security is to make institutional arrange- ments for social members, especially for the vulnerable groups, leading by the government. The current construction of social security system in China needs to adhere to the principle of universality, as well as to prevent blind improvement of social security level beyond economic affordability. Thus, the principle of moderation should be the basic principle for social security system.