一株可抑制嗜水气单胞菌的芽孢杆菌的分离、初步鉴定和部分特性研究

Isolation, Identification and Partial Characterization of a Bacillus subtilis Inhibiting Aeromonas hydrophila

（目的）本研究旨在分离一株可抑制嗜水气单胞菌的枯草芽孢杆菌，并对该菌株进行分离鉴定和特性研究。（方法）采集水体、鱼类肠道、淤泥、土壤等来自于自然生境的样品，经过高温处理后，将分离出的耐高温菌株培养和菌落形态鉴定，16SrDNA序列分析，嗜水气单胞菌的抑菌试验等，选出一株性能优良的益生芽孢菌株进行特性研究，包括温度、胆盐的耐受性、蛋白酶和淀粉酶的产酶特性等。（结果）分离出的一株抑菌效果最好的菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌（BacillussubtilisZY1），于1000C处理2min后，存活率仍达到18．6％，在0．3％的胆盐浓度下有48．5％的存活率，且可产蛋白酶和淀粉酶。（结论）该菌株具有较强抗逆性和良好的性能，为水产动物微生态制剂的研发奠定基础。

（Objective） The aim of the study was to find out a Bacillus subtilis that could in- hibit Aeromonas hydrophila. Isolation and identification, the characterization of the bacteria were studied. （Method） Different samples were collected from different rivers, the intestinal of fish, soil , etc.. With high temperature treatment, the bacteria still alive were further cultured and studied, including 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and the test of the inhibition of Aeromonas hydrophila. The best inhibition of bacteria was chosen and continued to study its characterization, covering toler- ance of high temperature and bile salts, production of protease and amylase. （Result） The survival rate of the Bacillus subtilis,with high temperature for 2rain, was 18.6% and 48.5% with 0.3% bile salts. （Conclusion） It is indicated that the bacteria was strongly resistant to different environ- ment, and provided basis for the research of microecological feed additives for aquatic animals.