特殊背景与潜在矛盾:中国城镇化进程中的农业发展

Special Background and Potential Conflict： Agriculture Development During the Urbanization Progress in China

与西方国家相比,早期发展政策的制约导致中国农业发展起步缓慢,庞大的人口基数和有限的耕地资源进一步造成当前农业劳动力和技术投入的“内卷化”。随着城镇化水平的持续提高和城镇空间的扩张,城乡整体粮食消费需求不断提升,农业劳动力结构性短缺的问题日益突出,新的土地撂荒现象不断涌现。城镇化与农业发展之间的潜在矛盾表明,继改革开放之后,城乡发展的问题又一次出现交叉,农业发展已经成为当前城乡发展的焦点问题。因此,新型城镇化背景下,应该重新审视城镇化与农业发展的关系,在坚持农业规模化经营的基础上积极推进农业经营方式的转型。

Compared with western countries, the restrictive development policy in early era leads to a slow agricultural development in China. Further, huge population and limited arable land resources cause involution both in the agricultural labor force and technology input. With the continuous improvement of urbanization and the expansion of urban space, grain consumption demand is promoting, structural shortage of agricultural labor force is increasingly prominent and the new phenomenon of abandoned land is constantly emerging. The potential conflict of urbanization and agricultural development encounters again after the reform and opening up. Agricultural development has become the key issue for both urban and rural development. Therefore, a reconsideration on the relationship between urbanization and agricultural development is needed, and it is recommended to promote management transformation of agriculture on the basis of the scale management of agriculture.