广西某甘蔗产区土壤养分现状及其质量评价研究

Research on the nutrient situation and its quality evaluation of study sugarcane productive area of Guangxi

采集广西某甘蔗产区27个具有代表性的表层土样,监测分析p H、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾等养分指标。分析广西某甘蔗产区土壤p H值和养分的现状及其相关性,并利用物元分析法对其土壤养分质量进行评价。结果表明:该蔗区土壤偏酸,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、有效磷和速效钾的均值分别为28.61g/kg、1604.53mg/kg、541.92mg/kg、14105.86mg/kg、28.05mg/kg、73.47mg/kg和100.68mg/kg。相关性分析结果表明:速效钾与有机质和全钾呈极显著正相关关系,有效磷与全氮呈着显著正相关关系,有效磷与全磷呈极显著负相关关系,速效氮与全磷呈极显著正相关关系,全钾与机质和全氮呈极显著正相关关系。利用物元分析对蔗区土壤养分质量评价结果表明:研究区内大部分(70.37%)蔗田土壤肥力等级处中上水平;研究区仍有部分(29.63%)土壤的肥力处于中等偏下的水平,该研究区内的土壤肥力分布不平衡。

The study sampled 27 top soils from study sugarcane productive area, and measured the concentration of pH, Organic Matter （OM）, Total Nitrogen （TN）, Total Phosphorus （TP）, Total Potassium （TK）, Ammonium Nitrogen （AN）, Available Phosphorus （AP） and Available Potassium （AK）. Then the research analyzed the correlation of sugarcane soil pH value and nutrient content in the study sugarcane productive area of Guangxi, and the nutrient quality of it was evaluated by using the element analysis method. The result showed that the sugarcane soil was acidic soil, and the concentration of OM, TN, TP, TK, AN, AP and AK were 28.61 g/kg, 1604.53 mg/kg, 541.92 mg/kg, 14105.86mg/kg, 28.05 mg/kg~ 73.47 mg/kg and 100.68 mg/kg. Correlation analysis showed that the AK and OM and TK were significantly positive correlation, AP and TN were significantly positive correlation, AP and TP were significantly negative correlation, AN and TP showed significantly positive correlation, TK and OM and TN were significantly positive correlation. In addition, the evaluation result of matter element analysis showed that the fertility level of majority （70.37%） of sugarcane field soil was in upper of middle level, and the rest part （29.63%） of soil was in lower of middle level. So the distribution of the soil fertility in the study sugarcane productive area was unbalanced.