推广大型仪器实验教学 培养学生创新能力

Spread of Experimental Courses Based on Large Instruments for Improving Innovation Ability of Graduate and Undergraduate Students

大型仪器设备是先进科学技术的代表,在科研工作中起着重要的作用,同时也是培养创新人才的重要途径。论文以北京工业大学实验教学中心和上海交通大学化学化工学院中心实验室的大型仪器实验教学实践为例,介绍了一种多层次的大型仪器实验教学模式:针对本科教学,开展了多种与大型仪器相关的必修课、选修课、创新实践课、相关应用及竞赛等;而研究生教学中则开展理论必修课、大型仪器培训及实际操作等教学内容。多年的教学实践证明这种实验教学模式可以很好地培养本科生和研究生的学习兴趣,提高学生的仪器操作水平和创新能力,也可充分发挥大型仪器在实验教学中的作用,具有较大的推广及借鉴意义。

Large-scale instruments represent advanced technology and play important roles in scientific research. Also the application of these instruments is an effective approach to train the innovative talents. As examples of multi-level model of instruction about large-scale instruments, some situations of experimental courses in Beijing University of Technology and Shanghai Jiao Tong University were described in this paper. In this model of instruction, different courses are developed for undergraduate and postgraduate students. In undergraduate teaching, the courses include required course, optional course, innovative practice, relative application and competition. In postgraduate teaching, the courses include required course, training of large-scale instrument and actual operation. It is proved that learning interest of the students, the operation ability and innovation ability can be improved. The large-scale instruments can also play full roles in the experimental teaching. The multi-level model of instruction about large-scale instrument can be spread for improving students＇ innovation ability.