从《高昌馆课》看明代汉语在西域的发展变化

A View of Development and Change of Chinese Language in the Period of the Ming Dynasty in Western Regions from the Book “Classes in Gaochang School”

明朝时期的西域,人口群体发生了重大变化。说汉语人口四散于各地,与畏吾儿、蒙古(瓦剌、察合台)等各族人民杂居一起。后来还有其他原因所致,汉民多有融入兄弟民族者。说汉语人口数量的逐渐减少,使汉语的社会通行出现了空前的弱势。然而,《高昌馆课》(以下仍简称"来文")不但证明汉语仍在西域通行,而且,证明汉语仍在西域正常发展和变化。

Great changes took place in the population groups in the western regions in the Ming Dynasty of China and the people of the Han nationality spread everywhere in the region living together with other nationalities as, Uyghur, Mongolians, etc even some people of the Han nationality merging into other., nationalities Thus the population who. spoke the Chinese language was decreasing making the popularity of the Chinese language at the lowest place in theregion. Nevertheless it was testified in the book Classes in Gaochang School＂ that Chinese language was still widelyspoken in the western regions and it was normally developed and changed with times.