我国浮动抵押制度研究——兼对《物权法》181、189条的评议

The Study of Floating Charge System in Our Country——the Review of Clauses 181 and 189 of the Property Law

2007年《中华人民共和国物权法》颁布以后,《物权法》181、189条移植了浮动抵押制度以及与该制度相伴相随的正常经营活动中的买受人规则,但由于对国外浮动抵押制度的研究不够,使得我国浮动抵押的制度设计存在缺陷,浮动抵押制度无法充分解决中小企业融资难、贷款难的问题。对浮动抵押制度深入研究的前提下,厘清浮动抵押制度的概念和特征。在此基础上对《物权法》181、189条进行评议,通过对《美国统一商法典》研究的基础上认为未来我国浮动抵押的制度设计应当引入购买价金担保权制度,以此解决浮动抵押财产的特定物之前已经设定抵押,之后又自成为浮动抵押物,此时两个抵押权竞合情况下的受偿次序问题。

After the promulgation of the real right law, Real right law has transplanted the floating charge system and the rules of the buyer in the normal business activities accompanied by the system. Due to the lack of research on the floating charge system in foreign countries,Floating mortgage system cannot give full play to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium enterprises, loans difficult problem. On the premise of the study of the floating charge system, research the concept and characteristics of floating charge system. On the basis of the real right law, comment on clauses 181 and 189. Based on the study of the United States Uniform Commercial Code, it is believed that the system of floating charge in the future should be introduced into the security system of the purchase price, the settlement of a specific property of the floating charge has been set up before the mortgage, And since becoming a floating charge, On the order of payment in the case of the concurrence of two mortgage.