刘开渠前期作品与中国早期现代雕塑的现实主义

Liu Kaiqu's Early Sculptures and the Realism of Chinese Modern Sculptures

刘开渠是20世纪初期中国最早一批前往西方学习雕塑的艺术家之一,自学成归来之后一直从事雕塑创作与教学工作。这些艺术家首次将雕塑作为一种公共艺术带回中国,开启了中国现代雕塑艺术的新篇章。早期的中国现代雕塑虽然处在西方现代主义盛行的历史阶段,却依然以现实主义为基本特色,这是由于中国社会特殊的历史语境所决定的:这一时期的公众艺术尚处于启蒙阶段,并且国家也蒙受着内忧外患、重重灾难。刘开渠的前期雕塑作品一方面既是对时代精神与社会环境的忠实体现,另一方面也是艺术家本人审美理想和艺术追求的实现。

Liu Kaiqu was one of those artists who went to the western world to learn sculpture in the early 20 th century, and he had a long professional career in sculpture creation and teaching after his coming back to China. These pioneers opened a brand new chapter for Chinese modern sculpture history. Chinese arts were featured by realism, though the first half of 20 th century was the flourishing moment of Modernism in west world. This was decided both by the situation of Chinese public art which was in its initial phase, and the tough condition of Chinese history at that time. Liu Kaiqu＇s sculptures in this period reflected the time spirit and social condition sincerely on the one hand, and achieved his own ideas of aesthetic and art on the other hand.