ISSR分子标记技术在茶树育种中的研究进展

Research progress of application of ISSR molecular markers in Camellia sinensis breeding

随着分子标记技术与传统育种技术的结合,可在育种早期对植株进行基因型的鉴定,从而快速有效地开展育种工作。DNA分子标记技术在茶树研究领域的应用越来越多,在茶树育种中运用到的分子标记技术主要有ISSR、RAPD、AFLP、SSR、SNP、EST等。其中ISSR是一种基于微卫星序列发展起来的新的分子标记,具有简便、稳定、DNA多态性高等优点。阐述了ISSR分子标记的原理及程序,介绍了其在茶树育种研究中的应用情况,主要包括种质鉴定以及种质在遗传过程中的稳定性鉴定、亲缘关系鉴定、遗传多样性分析、指纹图谱构建等。

The combination of molecular marker technology and traditional breeding technology can be used to identify the genotype of plants in the early breeding stage, so as to develop a fast and effective breeding work. DNA molecular marker technique has been widely applied in the field of tea research, including ISSR, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP and EST. ISSR is a new molecular marker based on micro satellite sequences, which has the advantages of simple, stable and high DNA polymorphism. In this paper, the principle and procedure of ISSR molecular marker and its application in tea plant breeding were interpreted. The application of this method was mainly focused on genetic process stability, genetic analysis, genetic diversity analysis and fingerprinting.