野生灵芝与栽培灵芝主要成分和功效的比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Main Compositions and Their Efficacy Between Wild and Cultivated Ganoderma lucidum

概述灵芝资源的分类地位、生态分布及开发利用现状,并引用相关数据对野生灵芝和栽培灵芝的主要活性成分和药理作用进行比较分析。结果表明:不同产地的野生灵芝活性成分差异较大,而栽培灵芝的活性成分以及含量则由品种和栽培条件决定;野生灵芝与栽培灵芝都有较强的促进巨噬细胞吞噬功能,且作用效果无显著差异;野生灵芝和栽培灵芝均具有较好的抗应激、抗疲劳作用,栽培灵芝在镇静作用上比野生灵芝的稍强。分析认为,通过改进栽培技术可提高栽培灵芝的某些成分和功效,并优于野生灵芝,这将为灵芝的栽培及野生灵芝资源的保护开发提供科学依据,并科学引导人们以栽培灵芝代替野生灵芝作为临床用药。

The classification status, ecological distribution and present situation of the development and utilization for Ganoderraa lucidum were summarized in this paper, and main active composition and pharmacological effects of wild and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum were comparatively analyzed by referring to the relevant data. The results showed that there were big differences in wild Ganoderma lucidum from different sources, and the active composition and content of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum were decided by varieties and cultivation conditions. Wild and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum could both strongly promote the macrophage phagocytic function, with no statistical differences; and wild and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum both has better resistance to stress and the anti-fatigue effect, but sedative effect for the cultivated Gcmoderma lucidum was slightly stronger than wild Ganoderma lucidum. It was suggested that though improvement of cultivation techniques could promote some compositions and efficacy of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum, which were better than wild Ganoderma lucidum. It would provide a certain scientific basis for cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum and protection and development of wild ganoderma resources, and scientific guidance to use cultivated Ganoderma lucidum instead of wild Ganoderma lucidum as clinical medication.