从新制度经济学视角分析“雾霾锁国”治理

From the New Institutional Economics Analysis the Governance of “haze lock country”

大气环境在经济学中属于公共物品,由于公共物品具有非竞争性和非排他性的特征,导致"搭便车"和滥用现象的存在。雾霾的产生实质是公共物品的负外部性——人们不加节制地使用了大气资源的产物。一般认为这种负外部性是市场经济所不可避免的,甚至根据发达国家的工业化进程得出这是实现现代化所必须经历的阵痛,而且只能通过政府的行政手段来加以治理。从新制度经济学的产权理论中我们能得到的启示是:对于全国范围的雾霾问题,政府界定清晰产权,余下交由市场解决,可能会产生不一样的效果。

Atmospheric Environment are public goods in economics, because public goods have non-competitive and non-exclusive features, resulting in the presence of ＂free riders＂ and abuse. Materially haze is a negative is necessary to go through the throes of modernization in accordance with the process of industrialization in developed countries, and can only be solved by administrative means of the government. Inspiration from the property rights theory of new institutional economics, we can get that： For the haze problem across the country, the government clearly define the property rights, and leave the rest to resolve through the market,which may produces different results.