上海市某医院污水与居民小区生活污水中耐热大肠菌群耐药性的对比研究

Comparative Study on Antibiotic Resistance of Thermotolerant Escherichia coli in Sewage from a Hospital and Residential Areas in Shanghai

[目的]对比医院污水与居民小区生活污水中耐热大肠菌群对7种常用抗生素的耐药性,探讨环境中具有抗生素耐药性的微生物的来源。[方法]采集上海市某医院污水与邻近居民小区生活污水,分离培养其中的耐热大肠菌群,采用Kirby-Bauer试纸法检测菌群针对7种常用抗生素的耐药性,并对检测结果进行统计分析。[结果]在272个受检的生活污水耐热大肠菌群菌落中检出针对阿莫西林、氨曲南、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟和头孢西丁的耐药比例分别为76.84%、38.97%、45.86%、20.59%、41.91%、34.19%和39.71%;在182个医院污水来源的耐热大肠菌群菌落中的检出比例则依次为87.91%、80.22%、81.32%、78.02%、62.64%、85.16%和82.42%,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。[结论]医院污水和生活污水均存在不同比例的耐药大肠菌群,医院污水可能对环境中耐药微生物污染的形成有着更为重要的影响。

[ Objectiv-e ] To compare the resistance of thermotolerant Escherichia coli against seven common antibiotics in hospital and living sewage, and to identify the sources of antibiotic resistant microorganisms in environment. [ Methods ] Samples of sewage from a hospital and adjacent residential living areas were collected and followed by isolation and culture of thermotolerant Escherichia coli. Kirby-Bauer test was used to detect the resistance against seven common antibiotics, and statistical analysis was performed for the detection results. [ Results ] In the 272 thermotolerant Escherichia coli colonies established from living sewage, the detection rates of antibiotic resistance against amoxicillin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefepime, and cefoxitin were 76.84%, 38.97%, 45.86%, 20.59%, 41.91%, 34.19%, and 39.71%, while these detection rates in 182 thermotolerant Escherichia coli colonies established from hospital sewage were 87.91%, 80.22%, 81.32%, 78.02%, 62.64%, 85.16%, and 82.42% respectively. The differences were statistically significant （all Ps 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Different proportions of thermotolerant Escherichia coli with antibiotic resistance are identified in the hospital and living sewage; hospital sewage might contribute more than living sewage to environmental antibiotic resistant microbial contamination.