纳米氧化铝颗粒对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响

Effect of Nano Aluminum Oxide Particles on Non-Specific Immune Function in Mice

[目的]通过采用不同粒径氧化铝对小鼠进行染毒,探讨纳米氧化铝对中性粒细胞吞噬功能的影响,进而判断染毒对小鼠的非特异性免疫功能的影响。[方法]取健康3月龄ICR种系雄、雌性小鼠各20只,随机分为5组:空白对照组,溶剂对照组(每天滴注生理盐水),10μm、50 nm、13 nm氧化铝组,每组4只雄鼠,4只雌鼠。采用鼻腔滴注法连续染毒60 d,3次/d,染毒剂量均为50 mg/kg,制备细菌悬浮液,内眦取血,将血液与菌液混匀,制作血涂片,瑞氏染色,油镜观察,阅片计数150个中性粒细胞;同时另取管做血常规分析。[结果]吞噬百分比:3个氧化铝染毒组均低于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(均P<0.05);与10μm组比较,50 nm氧化铝组无明显变化(P=0.06),13 nm氧化铝组明显降低(P=0.01);与50 nm组比较,13 nm氧化铝组无明显变化(P=0.08)。吞噬指数:3个氧化铝染毒组均低于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(均P<0.05);与10μm组比较,50、13 nm氧化铝组明显降低(均P<0.05);与50 nm组比较,13 nm氧化铝无明显变化(P=0.85)。13 nm氧化铝组白细胞数目、淋巴细胞数目、淋巴细胞数百分比均高于空白对照组和溶剂对照组,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。中性粒细胞数目各组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]纳米氧化铝可降低小鼠中性粒细胞的吞噬功能,影响小鼠的非特异性免疫功能,且随粒径的减小,吞噬功能降低越明显,可能存在粒径效应;纳米氧化铝可能会使外周血淋巴细胞数目增多。

[ Objective ] To explore the effect of nano aluminum oxide （A2O3） on neutrophil phagocytosis in mice exposed to different sizes of nano A2O3 particles, and to assess the impact on non-specific immune function in mice. [ Methods ] Threemonth-old healthy ICR male （n=20） and female （n=20） mice were randomly divided into five groups with four male mice and four female mice per group： blank control, solvent control （daily infusion of saline）, 10 μm A2O3, 50nm A2O3, and 13 nm A2O3 groups. Continuous exposure was conducted 3 times/d for 60 d by nasal drip and exposure dose was 50 mg/kg. Neutrophil phagocytosis was evaluated by oil immersion lens microscopy observation of 150 neutrophils on each Wright＇s stained blood smear which was prepared by mixing bacterial suspension and inner canthus blood sample of mice. Routine blood tests were also conducted. [ Results ] The phagocytic percentages of the three A2O3 exposed groups were significantly lower than those of the blank control group and the solvent control group （all Ps 〈 0.05）. Compared with the 10 pm A2O3 group, the 50 nm A2O3 group had no obvious change in phagocytic percentage （P= 0.06）, but the 13 nm A2O3 group showed significantly lowered phagocytic percentage （P=0.01）. Compared with the 50 nm A2O3 group, the 13 nm A2O3 had no obvious change in phagocytic percentage （P=0.08）. The phagocytic indices of the three A2O3 exposed groups were lower than those of the blank control group and the solvent control group （all Ps 〈 0.05）. Compared with the 10 μm A2O3 group, the 50 nm A2O3 group and the 13 nm A2O3 group were significantly decreased in phagocytic index （both Ps 〈 0.05）. Compared with the 50 nm A2O3 group, the 13nm A2O3 group reported no significant change （P = 0.85）. Total white blood cells, lymphocyte counts, and lymphocyte percentages were higher in the 13 nm A2O3 group than in the blank control group and the solvent control group, and the differences were statistically significant （all Ps 〈 0.05）. No significant differences were found in the number of neutrophils （P 〉 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Nano A203 could decrease neutrophil phagocytosis and influence the non-specific immune function in mice, and the phagocytosis would decrease with smaller sizes, indicating a potential size effect. Nano A203 could also eause an increase in the number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood.