外科厌氧菌感染合理治疗

Rational treatment for surgical infection of anaerobic bacteria

厌氧菌是正常菌群的主要组成部分,外科厌氧菌感染多为内源性感染,绝大多数与需氧菌组成混合感染,具有感染后的脓液腐臭和产气特征,临床上治疗困难。在治疗上,需要对感染病灶进行控制和对全身情况进行处理。在抗菌药物选择上,对于厌氧菌感染病人推荐降阶梯疗法,在细菌鉴定结果和药敏试验结果明确后,调整抗生素,避免细菌产生耐药性和菌群紊乱。

Anaerobic bacteria is the main part of the normal flora. Surgical infections of anaerobic bacteria are endogenous infection and mixed with aerobic mostly, which are characterized by rancidness and gas. They are common but challenges in clinical practice. The adequate source control procedure are needed in therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy should be initiated once a patient receives a diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria infection according to step-down approach, followed by pathogen-directed antimicrobial therapy. The bacterial antibiotic resistance and bacterial flora disorder should be avoided.