基于结构优化的小货车车身模态特性改进

Modal characteristic improvement of a van body based on structural optimization

建立了某小货车车身有限元模型,并进行了模态分析和拓扑优化。依据拓扑优化结果,提出了4种提高模态频率的方法。通过方案的对比,选取添加加强板和连接件的方式对车身结构进行改进,运用尺寸优化对修改件厚度进行了优化。结果表明,该方法能有效地改进小货车车身模态特性,1阶固有频率从14.34 Hz提高到20.03 Hz,弯曲刚度和扭转刚度也都有改善。

The finite element model of a van body was established, which computational modal analysis was conducted, and a topology optimization was applied on the body structure. Four kinds of methods of improving the modal frequency of van body structure was presented on the basis of topology optimization results. Through the comparison of the four kinds of methods above, the way of adding reinforcing plate and fittings was adopted to improve the body structure. Subsequently, the thickness optimization was performed with the size optimization. The results showed that the method based on structural optimization was effective to improve van body structure. The first modal frequency of the van body was raised to 20.03 Hz from 14.34Hz with its bending stiffness and torsional stiffness both improved.