窄行距插秧机分插机构运动学分析及优化设计

Kinematics analysis and optimization design on separating-planting mechanism of narrow row spacing transplanter

针对杂交水稻制种母本秧苗移栽行距和作业性能要求,综合曲柄摇杆式分插机构优点,设计了一种插秧行距为177 mm的曲柄摇杆式分插机构。分析了分插机构的运动性能,建立了其运动轨迹的参数方程,并以秧针实际运动轨迹与预定运动轨迹偏差最小为目标,建立以机构工作特性和农艺要求为约束的优化模型,求得机构最优工作参数,再利用ADAMS软件对优化后的分插机构进行仿真验证。结果表明,优化后的分插机构完全满足杂交水稻母本插秧要求。

A crank-rocker style separating-planting mechanism with 177 mm row spacing was designed aimed at the plant- ing row spacing and working performance requirements of hybrid rice seed transplanting female parent seedling and the structure advantages of the crank-rocker style separating-planting mechanism. The motion character of the mechanism was analyzed to es- tablish the parametric equation of its motion trajectory. The optimal model with the constraints of the mechanism working charac- teristic requirements and agronomic requirements was established with the objective of minimizing the deviation between the ac- tual trajectory coordinates and the predetermined coordinates of the seedling needles. The optimum working parameters of the design variables were then figured out. The kinematics of optimal separating-planting mechanism of the narrow-row planting rice transplanter was simulated using ADAMS. The results showed that the optimized working parameters of the mechanism met the requirements of the female parent transplanting of hybrid rice.