多维减振座椅动力学分析及减振性能研究

Dynamics and vibration damping performance analysis of multidimensional damping seat for human body

并联机构在多维减振领域的应用研究得到了广泛关注。针对驾驶员座椅普遍存在的中低频三维振动,采用少自由度对称并联机构设计一种三平移减振座椅悬架机构,推导机构的运动正、反解解析式;建立悬架机构竖直方向上的力学关系式,分析悬架结构参数对弹簧恢复力的影响;基于水平激励下减振系统的力学特征,考虑到人体刚度、阻尼的影响,建立解耦的等效二维动力学模型。模拟结果表明,支链倾斜角度α是影响系统减振性能的重要结构参数;同时表明,在y轴方向水平激励下,动平台的运动主要集中在y,z方向,这也证明对于少自由度对称并联减振机构,采用等效二维建模方法进行解耦是有效的。

The application of parallel mechanical in the field of muhi-dimensional vibration has been widespread concerned. A three translational vibration damping seat suspension mechanism was designed based on limited DOF symmetrical parallel mechanism aimed at the ubiquitous low-frequency three-dimensional vibration of driver＇s seat, and the positive and negative analytic solution of the mechanism was derived. A vertical mechanical relation of suspension mechanism was established to ana- lyze the influence of suspension structural parameters on the spring restoring force. The 2D seat dynamics model was established on the basis of the mechanical characteristics analysis under horizontal excitation considering the influence of human body stiff- ness and damping. The simulation results showed that the inclination angle of branch chain a was an important structure param- eter which could affect the damping performance of system. Meanwhile, the movement of moving platform was mainly focused on y, z direction when the base platform was in y-axis direction excitation. This confirmed that it was effective using the equiva- lent 2D model to decoupling in limited DOF symmetrical parallel mechanism.