供应链内部整合与外部整合的匹配研究

The fit between supply chain internal and external integration

当前供应链整合领域的学者对供应链内部整合和外部整合的关系的观点并不一致.文献综述发现存在四种关于内部整合和外部整合的关系的观点.基于组织学习理论,提出内外部整合是相互影响的,即内部整合会促进外部整合,外部整合也会促进内部整合.进一步指出,当内部整合和外部整合匹配时绩效最优.基于此,构建了内部整合、外部整合、财务、运营和供应链绩效的理论模型.利用我国五个主要城市617家制造企业的数据,使用结构方程模型、多项式回归和响应曲面法对假设进行了验证.实证结果表明,内外部整合是相互影响的且运营绩效在内部整合和外部整合都很高时最大.同时还发现,供应商整合中等水平时,内部整合和外部整合与运营绩效、财务绩效和供应链绩效显著正相关.本研究发展了供应链整合的相关理论,丰富了供应链整合的相关文献,对管理实践具有一定的指导意义.

There is no consistent conclusions about the relationship between internal integration（Ⅱ） and external integration（EI）.Literature review indicates that there are four perspectives on Ⅱ and EI relationships.Organizational learning theory indicates that Ⅱ and EI are closely correlated,i.e.,Ⅱ facilitates EI and vice versa.Furthermore,performance improvement depends on the fit of Ⅱ and EI and performance is maximized when both levels of Ⅱ and EI are high.The model containing Ⅱ,EI,operational performance,financial performance,and supply chain performance is established in this study.Data from 617 manufacturers located at five representative cities in China was used to test the hypotheses with structural equation modeling（SEM）,polynomial regression,and response surface methodology（RSM）.Our empirical results show that Ⅱ and EI are positively related to operational performance,financial performance and supply chain performance when the degree of supplier integration is medium.This study contributes to the theories and literatures of supply chain integration and provides practical implications for managers.