包头市室内环境与儿童肺炎的相关性

Relationship between Indoor Environment and Children's Pneumonia in Baotou,Inner Mongolia

为了探讨包头市学龄前儿童肺炎的患病率及其与现代住宅室内环境因素间的相关性,于2014年3~7月随机选取了包头市37所幼儿园的4 771名3~7岁儿童进行了一项横断面流行病学调研。本研究是全国性调研＂中国室内环境与儿童健康研究（CCHH）＂中的一部分。结果显示,包头市儿童肺炎患病率为22.7%。通过卡方检验及多元Logistic回归方法分析发现：家庭成员过敏史、家庭成员吸烟、比预产期提前出生均与肺炎患病率有显著的正相关性。室内环境因素如新装修、室内出现发霉、污斑、凝结水等潮湿迹象是儿童肺炎的危险因素。而母乳喂养以及经常晾晒被褥与儿童肺炎有显著的负相关性（a OR,95%CI分别为0.69,0.59~0.81;0.61,0.47~0.78）。本研究表明学龄前儿童肺炎患病率与现代住宅室内环境因素存在相关性。

This paper treats of the relationship between indoor environment and preschool children＇ s pneumonia in Baotou. A cross-sectional study of 4771 children aged 3 -7selected randomly from 37 kindergartens was made from March to July, 2014. This study is a part of the epidemiological multiple-centre study of asthma and allergies among children （China, Children, Homes, Health, CCHH）. The prevalence of children＇s pneumonia in Baotou was 22.7%. A Chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions were used. Family allergy history, smoking of family members and birth earlier than the expected date were significantly and positively associated with children＇ s pneumonia. Redecoration and damp signs like mold, stain and condensation were risk factors for children＇ s pneumonia. However, breastfeeding （ aOR, 95% CI： 0.69, 0.59 - 0.81 ） and exposure bedding to sunshine （aOR, 95% CI： 0.61, 0.47 - 0.78） were negatively associated with the disease, in conclusion, children＇s pneumonia is related to the indoor environment.